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Regions / Southern Africa

Namibia

Southern Africa · SADC · Rand zone

Substantial coverage: 8 draft records, in Regional power trade. This is not a full account of Namibia's policy; each area says what was read.

Where Namibia's reforms stand

Four tracks per reform. The date is the milestone each status rests on.

IdeaLegalRulesDeliveryFunding
Obib–Oranjemund lineNot tracked–Not tracked–Unknown · target Jul 2026, outcome not verifiedUnknown
Modified Single Buyer marketIn force · 15 Nov 2007Approved · 27 Mar 2025Partly operating · Sep 2019Not applicable
Freeze on new export generation licencesNot tracked–In force · 5 Sep 2025Not tracked–Not tracked–
ZiZaBoNa interconnectorNot tracked–Not tracked–Unknown · target 2026Unknown

Next dated steps

  • target 5 Jan 2029 Moratorium's stated end the moratorium runs to 5 January 2029 "or until the existing transmission network constraints are alleviated"ECB renews moratorium on electricity generation licences for exports · article text · target: 5 Jan 2029not yet checked by a personChecked by machine match on the editor's PC, 18 Oct 2026: word for word (docs/quote-machine-match-2026-10-18.md); not yet checked by a personSecondary source: the ECB's statement and any Gazette notice could not be read

A target is what a named source says will happen, not a forecast made here.

Steps taken

What depends on neighbours

Blockers linked to a recorded dependency between Namibia and another jurisdiction.

Namibia · South Africa

Namibia freezes new generation licences for export

No source read says which project would lift the constraint, or names the South African lines that limit exports.

Effect on trade: not established
Namibia · South Africa · Zambia

Outages on transit routes affect trade between other countries

No source read proposes a remedy.

Effect on trade: not established

Institutions named in the records

Constraints observed

Namibia on the map of AfricaAngolaBurundiBeninBurkina FasoBotswanaCentral African RepublicCôte d'IvoireCameroonDemocratic Republic of the CongoRepublic of the CongoComorosCabo VerdeDjiboutiAlgeriaEgyptEritreaEthiopiaGabonGhanaGuineaThe GambiaGuinea-BissauEquatorial GuineaKenyaLiberiaLibyaLesothoMoroccoMadagascarMaliMozambiqueMauritaniaMauritiusMalawiNamibiaNigerNigeriaRwandaSudanSenegalSierra LeoneSomaliaSouth SudanSão Tomé and PríncipeEswatiniSeychellesChadTogoTunisiaTanzaniaUgandaSouth AfricaZambiaZimbabweWestern Sahara
Context, not evidence

Electricity in Namibia, 2000 to 2024

In 2024, generation in Namibia was 1.6 TWh, 61% of it from hydro, against 1.4 TWh in 2000. Installed capacity was 0.79 GW. No record or status on this site rests on these figures.

Generation by sourceTWh
00.501.01.52.0200020102024Wind and solar 0.60Hydro 1.02000: Coal 0.01, Gas and other fossil 0.03, Hydro 1.4, Wind and solar 0; total 1.4 TWh2001: Coal 0, Gas and other fossil 0, Hydro 1.2, Wind and solar 0; total 1.2 TWh2002: Coal 0.01, Gas and other fossil 0, Hydro 1.4, Wind and solar 0; total 1.4 TWh2003: Coal 0.01, Gas and other fossil 0, Hydro 1.4, Wind and solar 0; total 1.4 TWh2004: Coal 0.01, Gas and other fossil 0, Hydro 1.4, Wind and solar 0; total 1.4 TWh2005: Coal 0.03, Gas and other fossil 0, Hydro 1.7, Wind and solar 0; total 1.7 TWh2006: Coal 0.09, Gas and other fossil 0.01, Hydro 1.5, Wind and solar 0; total 1.6 TWh2007: Coal 0.03, Gas and other fossil 0, Hydro 1.5, Wind and solar 0; total 1.6 TWh2008: Coal 0.17, Gas and other fossil 0.01, Hydro 1.4, Wind and solar 0; total 1.6 TWh2009: Coal 0.08, Gas and other fossil 0, Hydro 1.4, Wind and solar 0.01; total 1.5 TWh2010: Coal 0.05, Gas and other fossil 0, Hydro 1.3, Wind and solar 0.01; total 1.3 TWh2011: Coal 0.03, Gas and other fossil 0.01, Hydro 1.4, Wind and solar 0.01; total 1.4 TWh2012: Coal 0.03, Gas and other fossil 0.02, Hydro 1.6, Wind and solar 0.01; total 1.7 TWh2013: Coal 0.04, Gas and other fossil 0.02, Hydro 1.3, Wind and solar 0.02; total 1.4 TWh2014: Coal 0, Gas and other fossil 0.01, Hydro 1.5, Wind and solar 0.03; total 1.5 TWh2015: Coal 0.01, Gas and other fossil 0.03, Hydro 1.5, Wind and solar 0.04; total 1.6 TWh2016: Coal 0.05, Gas and other fossil 0.01, Hydro 1.4, Wind and solar 0.06; total 1.5 TWh2017: Coal 0.07, Gas and other fossil 0, Hydro 1.6, Wind and solar 0.11; total 1.8 TWh2018: Coal 0.02, Gas and other fossil 0, Hydro 1.1, Wind and solar 0.25; total 1.4 TWh2019: Coal 0.04, Gas and other fossil 0.01, Hydro 0.95, Wind and solar 0.38; total 1.4 TWh2020: Coal 0.06, Gas and other fossil 0.01, Hydro 1.5, Wind and solar 0.43; total 2.0 TWh2021: Coal 0.04, Gas and other fossil 0, Hydro 0.97, Wind and solar 0.50; total 1.5 TWh2022: Coal 0.02, Gas and other fossil 0, Hydro 0.78, Wind and solar 0.52; total 1.3 TWh2023: Coal 0.03, Gas and other fossil 0.01, Hydro 1.3, Wind and solar 0.53; total 1.9 TWh2024: Coal 0.04, Gas and other fossil 0, Hydro 1.0, Wind and solar 0.60; total 1.6 TWh
Installed capacity by sourceGW
00.250.500.751.0200020102024Wind and solar 0.25Hydro 0.35Gas and other fossil 0.07Coal 0.122000: Coal 0.12, Gas and other fossil 0.03, Hydro 0.24, Wind and solar 0; total 0.39 GW2001: Coal 0.12, Gas and other fossil 0.03, Hydro 0.24, Wind and solar 0; total 0.39 GW2002: Coal 0.12, Gas and other fossil 0.03, Hydro 0.24, Wind and solar 0; total 0.39 GW2003: Coal 0.12, Gas and other fossil 0.03, Hydro 0.24, Wind and solar 0; total 0.39 GW2004: Coal 0.12, Gas and other fossil 0.03, Hydro 0.24, Wind and solar 0; total 0.39 GW2005: Coal 0.12, Gas and other fossil 0.03, Hydro 0.24, Wind and solar 0; total 0.39 GW2006: Coal 0.12, Gas and other fossil 0.03, Hydro 0.24, Wind and solar 0; total 0.39 GW2007: Coal 0.12, Gas and other fossil 0.03, Hydro 0.24, Wind and solar 0; total 0.39 GW2008: Coal 0.12, Gas and other fossil 0.03, Hydro 0.24, Wind and solar 0; total 0.39 GW2009: Coal 0.12, Gas and other fossil 0.04, Hydro 0.24, Wind and solar 0; total 0.40 GW2010: Coal 0.12, Gas and other fossil 0.04, Hydro 0.24, Wind and solar 0; total 0.40 GW2011: Coal 0.12, Gas and other fossil 0.07, Hydro 0.24, Wind and solar 0; total 0.43 GW2012: Coal 0.12, Gas and other fossil 0.07, Hydro 0.33, Wind and solar 0; total 0.52 GW2013: Coal 0.12, Gas and other fossil 0.07, Hydro 0.33, Wind and solar 0; total 0.52 GW2014: Coal 0.12, Gas and other fossil 0.09, Hydro 0.33, Wind and solar 0; total 0.54 GW2015: Coal 0.12, Gas and other fossil 0.09, Hydro 0.33, Wind and solar 0.01; total 0.55 GW2016: Coal 0.12, Gas and other fossil 0.06, Hydro 0.35, Wind and solar 0.03; total 0.56 GW2017: Coal 0.12, Gas and other fossil 0.06, Hydro 0.35, Wind and solar 0.08; total 0.61 GW2018: Coal 0.12, Gas and other fossil 0.06, Hydro 0.35, Wind and solar 0.13; total 0.66 GW2019: Coal 0.12, Gas and other fossil 0.06, Hydro 0.35, Wind and solar 0.20; total 0.73 GW2020: Coal 0.12, Gas and other fossil 0.10, Hydro 0.35, Wind and solar 0.20; total 0.77 GW2021: Coal 0.12, Gas and other fossil 0.10, Hydro 0.35, Wind and solar 0.20; total 0.77 GW2022: Coal 0.12, Gas and other fossil 0.07, Hydro 0.35, Wind and solar 0.26; total 0.80 GW2023: Coal 0.12, Gas and other fossil 0.07, Hydro 0.35, Wind and solar 0.25; total 0.79 GW2024: Coal 0.12, Gas and other fossil 0.07, Hydro 0.35, Wind and solar 0.25; total 0.79 GW
CoalGas and other fossilHydroWind and solar

What this does not establish. Generation is counted where the electricity is produced. Imports and exports are not shown, so a country's generation is not the electricity its economy uses. Namibia relies on imports for a large part of its electricity. See the record Namibia's import reliance. Ember's figures are not reconciled with the figures in the records, which come from national sources with their own definitions and periods. Generation and capacity are different quantities and are drawn as separate charts.

Source: Ember, Yearly electricity data (full release), read 2026-10-25, licensed CC BY 4.0. Fuels grouped here; copied from laurencehw/african-economic-future, _data/ember/ at commit cf0853a (26 October 2026), unchanged.

The figures, every five years
200020052010201520202024
Generation (TWh)
Coal0.010.030.050.010.060.04
Gas and other fossil0.03000.030.010
Hydro1.41.71.31.51.51.0
Wind and solar000.010.040.430.60
Total1.41.71.31.62.01.6
Capacity (GW)
Coal0.120.120.120.120.120.12
Gas and other fossil0.030.030.040.090.100.07
Hydro0.240.240.240.330.350.35
Wind and solar0000.010.200.25
Total0.390.390.400.550.770.79